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<meta name="description" content="球蛋白是一种存在于人体中的血清蛋白，球蛋白是一种常见的蛋白，基本存在于所有的动植物体中。球蛋白具有免疫作用，因此也有人称球蛋白为免疫球蛋白。免疫系统遇到外来的入侵物时会根据入侵物的不同产生不同数量的球蛋白，如果入侵物比较难以消灭，免疫系统刺激淋巴以后就会产生更多的球蛋白直到入侵物被球蛋白消灭为止。...">
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<h1 >球蛋白</h1>
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本词条由<a href="http://www.cast.org.cn" target="_blank" class="nslog:7175">“科普中国”百科科学词条编写与应用工作项目</a>
审核
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</div><div class="lemma-summary" label-module="lemmaSummary">
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白是一种存在于人体中的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%80%E6%B8%85%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/10587887" data-lemmaid="10587887">血清蛋白</a>，球蛋白是一种常见的蛋白，基本存在于所有的动植物体中。球蛋白具有免疫作用，因此也有人称球蛋白为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/4801401" data-lemmaid="4801401">免疫球蛋白</a>。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/668170" data-lemmaid="668170">��疫系统</a>遇到外来的入侵物时会根据入侵物的不同产生不同数量的球蛋���，如果入侵物比较难以消灭，免疫系统刺激<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4/233759" data-lemmaid="233759">淋巴</a>以后就会产生更多的球蛋白直到入侵物被球蛋白消灭为止。</div>
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<dt class="basicInfo-item name">中文名</dt>
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球蛋白
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">外文名</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
Globulin
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">分&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;类</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
α1、α2、β和γ
</dd>
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<dt class="basicInfo-item name">正常值</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
20-35 g/L
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">免疫疾病</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
治疗剂、抗炎剂、抗过敏剂
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<dt class="basicInfo-item name">拼&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;音</dt>
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qiu dan bai
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<div class="lemma-catalog">
<h2 class="block-title">目录</h2>
<div class="catalog-list column-1">
<ol>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">1</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#1">基本信息</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#1_1">来源</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#1_2">分类</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">2</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#2">球蛋常值</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#2_1">原因</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#2_2">球蛋白的意义</a></span>
</li>
</ol>

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<div class="anchor-list">
<a name="1" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_1" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="基本信息" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>基本信息</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="1" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="anchor-list">
<a name="1_1" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_1_1" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="来源" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="1-1" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>来源</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">按球蛋白来源可分为两种，一为健康人<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%9D%99%E8%84%89%E8%A1%80">静脉血</a>来源的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%99%E7%A7%8D%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">丙种球蛋白</a>制剂，按蛋白质含量有10%、16%、16.5%等数种（国内制品浓度在10%以上），其中丙种球蛋白占95%以上。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">另一种为胎盘血来源的丙种球蛋白（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E8%83%8E%E7%9B%98">人胎盘</a>血丙种球蛋白），即胎盘球蛋白，制剂含蛋白质5%，其中丙种球蛋白占90%以上。胎盘球蛋白制剂因丙种球蛋白含量以及纯度均较低，其用量应相应增大。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="1_2" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_1_2" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="分类" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="1-2" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>分类</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白可分为α1、α2、β和γ四种</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">①在肝脏炎症病变时，α1球蛋白增加，而α1增加提示病情较轻，如果减少常标志病情偏重。因此，测定α1球蛋白对判断肝炎患者的严重和预后有参考价值。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">②α2球蛋白也可以反映肝炎病变的严重度。在病毒性肝炎初期，多数保持正常值，以后逐渐增加。在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%87%8D%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">重型肝炎</a>时，如α2球蛋白减少至0.4 g/L以下，提示患者将要或已经出现<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E6%98%8F%E8%BF%B7">肝昏迷</a>。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>时，α2球蛋白往往增加。α2含脂蛋白，胆汁淤积时，特别是慢性病例，血脂增加时，α2球蛋白随之升高。失代偿期<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>时，<b>α2球蛋白多半降低。</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">③β球蛋白在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%83%86%E6%B1%81">胆汁</a>郁积性肝病变时，多半增加。在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E">肝细胞</a>严重损害时，由于肝脏合成减少，β球蛋白降低，个别可降到6%以下。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">④γ球蛋白几乎在所有<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E8%83%86%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85">肝胆疾病</a>时都增高。肝硬化。重型肝炎时，γ球蛋白可明显升高，甚至可达到2.5g/L-3g/L。如果γ球蛋白增至正常的2倍以上，伴转氨酶在正常值5倍以上．且持续10周无改善者，即可肯定为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E9%87%8D%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">亚急性重型肝炎</a>，如果不治疗，预后凶险。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">慢性肝炎</a>时，γ球蛋白的平均值随病型而异。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>γ球蛋白普遍增高，尤其在晚期或进行性失代偿肝硬化，γ球蛋白可极度增高。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="1">
[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_42740">&nbsp;</a>
</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="2" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_2" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="球蛋常值" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>球蛋常值</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="2" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%80%E6%B8%85%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">血清球蛋白</a>是机体<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98">免疫器官</a>制造的，<b>球蛋白正常值为20-30 g/L</b>。球蛋白大部分在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E">肝细胞</a>外生成，与人体的免疫力有关系。球蛋白要保持一定的量，球蛋白检测值超过正常值说明体内存在免疫系统的亢进，球蛋白检测值低于正常值说明免疫力不足。当体内存在病毒等抗原时，机体的免疫器官就要增兵，来消灭入侵者。因此，球蛋白产生增加。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">慢性肝炎</a>和<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>患者的白蛋白产生减少，而同时球蛋白产生增加，造成A/G比值倒置。A/G比值(<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%99%BD%E7%90%83%E6%AF%94">白球比</a>)正常值为1.3-2.5。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">急性肝炎时，白蛋白、球蛋白变化不明显，慢性肝炎、肝硬化时，尤其是<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>时，白蛋白下降，球蛋白增高。若是乙肝患者出现球蛋白检测值超出35.0，则说明肝脏有损伤，因为球蛋白是反映肝脏的合成功能，若是球蛋白超出正常值则反映了有慢性肝炎，或者肝损伤，导致白球比失调.</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">需要注意的是，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5">肝功能检查</a>项目球蛋白只能反映部分肝脏功能，不能全面反映肝脏功能，要了解肝脏健康情况，还要结合其他肝功能检查项目、B超等来综合判断。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">肝功能检查中的球蛋白也是指人血清球蛋白。球蛋白主要存在人体的细胞和体液中，它不容于水。它是由机体免疫器官产生的，与人体的免疫力强弱有关系。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="2_1" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_2_1" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="原因" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="2-1" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>原因</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>偏高</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1、当肝脏发生炎症时，α1球蛋白会增加，此时表示病情较轻；</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2、α2球蛋白可以反映肝炎病变的严重程度，在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">病毒性肝炎</a>的早期，α2球蛋白多数保持正常，随着病情的发展，以后会逐渐增加。当<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>、胆汁郁积、血脂增加时，α2都会随之升高；</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">3、β球蛋白在胆汁郁积性肝病变时，多半会增加；</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">4、γ球蛋白几乎在所有的肝胆类疾病时都会增加，若γ球蛋白持续升高而没有其他原因解释时，往往意味着病情恶化，已经转为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">慢性肝炎</a>或<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>；重型肝炎时，γ球蛋白有可能会明显升高。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>球蛋白偏高的危害</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白是机体免疫器官制造的，球蛋白大部分在肝细胞外生成，它与人体的免疫力有关系。球蛋白正常值为20-30 g/L，球蛋白偏高通常是因为机体受到外来病毒的侵染，免疫系统就会来对抗外来病毒，从而导致球蛋白出现增高这种症状。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">当人体肝脏发生病变，肝细胞有炎症时就会导致球蛋白的偏高。对于患有肝炎或是<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>的患者，如果球蛋白出现偏高就表明肝脏病情进一步恶化，如<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">慢性肝炎</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>时，白蛋白下降，球蛋白增高；对于<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B9%99%E8%82%9D%E6%82%A3%E8%80%85">乙肝患者</a>出现球蛋白检测值超出35.0，则说明肝脏有损伤。如果病程越长，病情越重，病变活动越频繁，球蛋白的值就越高。当病情发展到一定程度时，很容易就会有慢性肝炎发展为肝硬化，甚至变成肝癌。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">另外，对于其他疾病，如自身免疫性肝炎、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">酒精性肝炎</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%AA%A8%E9%AB%93%E7%98%A4">骨髓瘤</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4%E7%98%A4">淋巴瘤</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%80%A7%E7%BA%A2%E6%96%91%E7%8B%BC%E7%96%AE">系统性红斑狼疮</a>、风湿性关节炎等引起的球蛋白偏高，也会危害到人体的身体健康。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>球</b><b>蛋白偏高是怎么回事</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">α1球蛋白偏高原因</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">α1球蛋白的测定对判断肝炎患者的严重和预后有参考价值。在肝脏有炎症发生病变时，α1球蛋白增加，而α1增加提示病情较轻，如果减少常标志着病情偏重。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">α2球蛋白偏高原因</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">α2球蛋白也能反映肝炎病变的严重程度。在病毒肝炎初期，多数保持正常值，以后会逐渐增加。在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%87%8D%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">重型肝炎</a>时，如α2球蛋白减少至0.4克%以下，提示患者将要或已出现<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E6%98%8F%E8%BF%B7">肝昏迷</a>。有<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>时，α2球蛋白往往增加。α2含脂蛋白，胆汁郁积时，特别是慢性病例，血脂增加时，α2球蛋白随之升高。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">β球蛋白偏高原因</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">β球蛋白在胆汁郁积性肝病变时，多半增加。在肝细胞严重损害时，由于肝脏合成减少，β球蛋白降低，个别可降到6%以下。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><i>γ球蛋白偏高原因</i></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">γ球蛋白几乎在所有<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E8%83%86%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85">肝胆疾病</a>时都增高。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">病毒性肝炎</a>时，α球蛋白中度增高，一般在2-3个月内可望恢复。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>偏低</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白偏低的原因一：<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B">免疫功能低下</a>引起的。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白偏低的原因二：服用了免疫抑制剂等药物引起的。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白偏低的原因三：肝脏发生病变引起的。具体可见：</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">① a1球蛋白对判断肝炎患者的严重和预后有参考价值。在肝脏炎症病变时，当a1球蛋白���低，常标志病情偏重。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">② 重型肝炎��导致a2球蛋白偏低的原因，a2球蛋白偏低提示患者将要或已经出现肝昏迷。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">③ 肝细胞严重损害时，由于肝脏合成减少，β球蛋白降低，个别可降到6%以下。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">④ r球蛋白几乎在所有的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E8%83%86%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85">肝胆疾病</a>时都会增高。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1.鼻炎、咽炎、盆腔炎可能会引起球蛋白增高，会影响到身体健康。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2.球蛋白偏高也有可能是<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">慢性肝炎</a>引起的，若病程较长，则说明病情较重，病变活动频繁，从而球蛋白的值就会越来越高。球蛋白的值长期居高不下，说明肝脏受到了受到了严重的损害，若不及时治疗，有可能会使肝炎恶化，并有可能发展为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%99%8C">肝癌</a>。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="1">
[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_42740">&nbsp;</a>
球蛋白偏低一般不是很常见，球蛋白偏高一般比较常见，球蛋白偏低一般是生理性原因，例如营养不良，蛋白质摄入不足，又或者是人体对外来蛋白的吸收能力不好，贫血也会造成球蛋白偏低。球蛋白偏高则常用于肝病的确诊。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">例如肝病中的慢性乙肝，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E8%82%9D">酒精肝</a>，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>等都会引起球蛋白高，其他的非肝脏疾病也可以引起球蛋白高，例如各种肿瘤，巨细胞血症等。球蛋白并不单独用来检测肝病，球蛋白通常是以球蛋白白蛋白比值的形式来说明肝脏的问题，球蛋白的正常值是20-35g/l，球蛋白检测结果在正常范围内说明免疫系统和肝脏都很健康，患者也没有什么营养不良的情况，如果球蛋白高于或者是低于正常范围内，说明肝脏或者是免疫系统出现了问题。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">诊断意义</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">慢性肝病病人Kupffer细胞功能减退或由于门-体短路，不能清除内源性或肠源性<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8">抗原物质</a>，形成对肝外<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87">淋巴组织</a>的慢性抗原刺激，而<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>进功能亢进的脾脏，可以产生更多的抗体分子，从而出现高球蛋白血症。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">急性肝炎时<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%80%E6%B8%85%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">血清球蛋白</a>水平轻度升高，慢性活动性肝炎时较显著，尤其在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%87%AA%E8%BA%AB%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85">自身免疫性肝病</a>时升高非常显著。然而，任何抗体增加都可有血清球蛋白水平升高，故对肝病诊断意义有限。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="2_2" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub42740_2_2" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="球蛋白的意义" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="2-2" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">球蛋白</span>球蛋白的意义</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">一．在重型肝炎时。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">二．β球蛋白在胆汁郁积性肝病变时，多半增加。在肝细胞严重损害时，由于肝脏合成减少，β球蛋白降低，个别可降到6%以下。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">三．r球蛋白几乎在所有��胆疾病时都增高。病毒性肝炎时，r球蛋白中度增高，一般在2-3个月内可望恢复。如果r球蛋白持续增高而无其他原因可解释时，往往意味着病情转归不良，已转为慢性肝炎或肝硬化。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">作用</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%99%E7%A7%8D%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">丙种球蛋白</a>含有健康人血清所具有的各种抗体，因而<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" 
			href="/pic/%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/784238/0/4a36acaf2edda3ccf245650403e93901213f9275?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
		title="球蛋白" style="width:220px;height:151px;">
<img  class="lazy-img" src="" data-src="https://gss2.bdstatic.com/-fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=e5ff1e3069600c33f479d9ca2a4d5134/4a36acaf2edda3ccf245650403e93901213f9275.jpg"  alt="球蛋白" style="width:220px;height:151px;"/>
</a>
<span class="description">
球蛋白
</span>
</div>有增强机体<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E5%8A%9B">抵抗力</a>的作用。其免疫作用主要用于病情性传染的防治，如对<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%94%B2%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">甲型肝炎</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%B9">麻疹</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B0%B4%E7%97%98">水痘</a>、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%84%8A%E9%AB%93%E7%81%B0%E8%B4%A8%E7%82%8E">脊髓灰质炎</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E5%84%BF%E9%BA%BB%E7%97%B9%E7%97%87">小儿麻痹症</a>）、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%85%AE%E8%85%BA%E7%82%8E">腮腺炎</a>、不定期状<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%96%B1%E7%96%B9">疱疹</a>等具有一定的作用，也可用于丙种球蛋白缺乏症。另外，对体质虚弱久病不愈、免疫功能低下或使用<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%9A%AE%E8%B4%A8%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0">皮质激素</a>等免疫抑制剂治疗者，在应用有效抗菌素的同时，加用<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%99%E7%A7%8D%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">丙种球蛋白</a>有助于控制感染。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">从六个月以内的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A9%B4%E5%84%BF">婴儿</a>很少得传染病的事实，说明婴儿从母体中获得某些抗卸疾病的物质，这种抗病菌物质称抗体，又称免疫球蛋白。根据蛋白质在电场中的运动速度，可把蛋白质分为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B8%85%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">清蛋白</a>，甲种乙种和丙种球蛋白。免疫球蛋白大多属于丙种球蛋白，故俗称丙种球蛋白。人类的免疫球蛋白有五大类：igg、iga、igm、igd和ige，igg分子量最小，含量最多，也是唯一能通过胎盘的免疫球蛋白。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">胎盘球蛋白就是把健康产妇的胎盘及产后血(大约流出50—200毫升)，经过物理、化学以及除菌方法提取含有95%以上的丙种球蛋白的制品，所以称为丙种球蛋白(其中绝大部分为igg，还有少量的igm和iga)。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">接受胎盘球蛋白的人，获得现成的抗体，得到完全或部分的保护，可以暂不发病或减轻病状、缩短病程。如果输入胎盘球蛋白的人，只发生没有明显临床症状或轻度症状的感染，则随后产生比较持久的或终身的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E5%8A%9B">抵抗力</a>。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">胎盘球蛋白在预防<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%B9">麻疹</a>和<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%94%B2%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">甲型肝炎</a>(<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E">传染性肝炎</a>)有肯定的效果。对于幼儿或老年人，定期接受一定量的胎盘球蛋白，可以增强抵抗力。?用之得当，可以预防几种传染病或增强机体的抵抗力。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="1">
[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_42740">&nbsp;</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">血清蛋白是血浆里最丰富的蛋白质。每一个蛋白分子能携带七个脂肪酸分子。这些脂肪酸分子结合在蛋白的缝隙中，它们富含碳的尾部埋藏在里面安全地避开周围的水分子。血清蛋白同样能够携带许多其它的不溶于水的分子。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="2">
[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_42740">&nbsp;</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">增高症状</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">球蛋白��人体单核-吞噬细胞系统合成，球蛋白中以r-球蛋白为主（占血<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B8%85%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">清蛋白</a>9%-18%），正常人体白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）为1.5-2.5：1，球蛋白增高可见于：</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1、（最主要的）：慢性炎症和感染 。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">其他：</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85">慢性肝病</a>：<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%8C%96">肝硬化</a>，慢性活动性肝炎，自身免疫性肝炎，酒精性肝炎</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">3、M蛋白血症：骨髓瘤，淋巴瘤</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">4、自身免疫性疾病：系统性红斑狼疮，风湿性关节炎</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">高球蛋白</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">高球蛋白血症有两类，一是慢性感染、肝并结缔组织并肿<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:250px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" 
			href="/pic/%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/784238/0/8640bf8bce82903f9e2fb4b2?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
		title="免疫球蛋白" style="width:250px;height:92px;">
<img  class="lazy-img" src="" data-src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D250/sign=9fdc637f8794a4c20e23e02e3ef51bac/b64543a98226cffc57433dc2b9014a90f603ea51.jpg"  alt="免疫球蛋白" style="width:250px;height:92px;"/>
</a>
<span class="description">
免疫球蛋白
</span>
</div>瘤等引起的多种球蛋白增多。另一类是某一种球蛋白增多，称为单株球蛋白增多，在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E7%94%B5%E6%B3%B3">蛋白电泳</a>中即表现出异常的血成分。单株球蛋白增多的病因：</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1．继发性上述引起多种球蛋白增多的疾病也可出现M成分。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2．浆细胞恶性病变最常见的是<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%AA%A8%E9%AB%93%E7%98%A4">骨髓瘤</a>。患者骨髓内有骨髓瘤细胞（恶变的桨细胞）异常增生。引起<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%AA%A8%E8%B4%A8%E7%A0%B4%E5%9D%8F">骨质破坏</a>。发病年龄大多在40岁以上，可有<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%AA%A8%E7%99%8C">骨癌</a>、骨折、出血。同时骨髓瘤细胞分泌大量单一的球蛋白，这种球蛋白没有正常的免疫功能，所以又称为异常免疫球蛋白或副球蛋白。在蛋白电泳上形成M成分，且常累及肾脏。患者正常免疫球蛋白合成减少，所以病人常有反复感染。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">另外，巨球蛋白血症、重链并浆细胞瘤等均有M成分出现。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">3．特发性良性单株球蛋白增多症虽然蛋白电泳中出现M成分者有3/4左右属恶性病变，但在正常人中亦有个别的可出现M成分。老年人中的发生率较高，有报告可达5% 。如经较长时间的观察未见明显病变，单株球蛋白量也不继续增多，正常球蛋白水平不降低者，仍必须定期随访，其中～部分仍有发展成恶性病变的可能。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">高球蛋白引起配血困难及输血反应<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="3">
[3]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[3]_42740">&nbsp;</a>
。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">相关知识</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">免疫球蛋白</a>（immunoglobulin，Ig）</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">存在于血浆中的一类具有抗体活性的或<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84">化学结构</a>与抗体相似的球蛋白<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:140px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317" 
			href="/pic/%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/784238/0/62667cd0964e26cfa0ec9cab?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
		title="球蛋白滥用致死" style="width:140px;height:104px;">
<img  class="lazy-img" src="" data-src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=6efeb86442a7d933bba8e3719d4bd194/86d6277f9e2f07084975a870e924b899a901f24a.jpg"  alt="球蛋白滥用致死" style="width:140px;height:104px;"/>
</a>
<span class="description">
球蛋白滥用致死
</span>
</div>。也见于其他体液、组织和一些<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%88%86%E6%B3%8C%E6%B6%B2">分泌液</a>中。人血浆内的免疫球蛋白大多数存在于<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%99%E7%A7%8D%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">丙种球蛋白</a>（γ-球蛋白）中。可分为五类，即免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BDA">免疫球蛋白A</a>（IgA）、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BDM">免疫球蛋白M</a>（IgM）、<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BDD">免疫球蛋白D</a>（IgD）和<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BDE">免疫球蛋白E</a>（IgE）。其中IgG是最���要的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">免疫球蛋白</a>，约占人血浆丙种球蛋白的70%，分子量约15万，含糖2～3%。IgG分子由4条肽链组成。其中分子量为2.5万的肽链，称<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BD%BB%E9%93%BE">轻链</a>，分子量为5万的肽链，称<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%87%8D%E9%93%BE">重链</a>。轻链与重链之间通过二硫键（—S—S—）相连接。免疫球蛋白是机体受抗原（如病原体）刺激后产生的，其主要作用是与抗原起<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94">免疫反应</a>，生成<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F-%E6%8A%97%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9">抗原-抗体复合物</a>，从而阻断病原体对机体的危害，使<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%93">病原体</a>失去致病作用。另一方面，免疫球蛋白有时也有致病作用。临床上的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BF%87%E6%95%8F%E7%97%87">过敏症</a>状如花粉引起的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%97%89%E6%8C%9B">支气管痉挛</a>，青霉素导致全身过敏反应，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%9A%AE%E8%82%A4%E8%8D%A8%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%B9">皮肤荨麻疹</a>（俗称风疹块）等都是由免疫球蛋白制剂能增强人体抗病毒的能力，可作药用。如注射人血清或<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E8%83%8E%E7%9B%98">人胎盘</a>中提取的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%99%E7%A7%8D%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD">丙种球蛋白</a>制剂可防治<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%B9">麻疹</a>、传染性肝炎等传染病。</div>
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<dl class="lemma-reference collapse nslog-area log-set-param" data-nslog-type="2" log-set-param="ext_reference">
<dt class="reference-title">参考资料</dt>
<dd class="reference-list-wrap">
<ul class="reference-list">
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<span class="index">1.</span>
<a class="gotop anchor"  name="refIndex_1_42740" id="refIndex_1_42740" title="向上跳转" href="#ref_[1]_42740">&nbsp;&nbsp;</a>
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<span class="site">．百度百科</span><span>&#91;引用日期2017-05-08&#93;</span></li><li class="reference-item reference-item--type1 " id="reference-[2]-42740-wrap">
<span class="index">2.</span>
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<span class="site">．百度文库</span><span>&#91;引用日期2017-05-08&#93;</span></li><li class="reference-item reference-item--type1 " id="reference-[3]-42740-wrap">
<span class="index">3.</span>
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<span class="site">．百度学术</span><span>&#91;引用日期2017-05-08&#93;</span></li></ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<div id="open-tag">
<div class="open-tag-title">词条标签：</div>
<dd id="open-tag-item">
<span class="taglist">
<a target="_blank" href="/wikitag/taglist?tagId=76602">科学百科农业科学分类</a>
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
科学
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
疾病
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
学科
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
医学术语
</span>
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<div>球蛋白图册</div>
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<h2 title="科普中国">科普中国</h2>
<p title="致力于权威的科学传播">致力于权威的科学传播</p>
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<h3>本词条认证专家为</h3>
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<h4>黄空仑</h4>
<span>教授</span><i>审核</i></div>
<p title="中国农业大学">中国农业大学</p>
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<dt class="sidetitle">权威合作编辑</dt>
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<a href="http://www.cast.org.cn/" nslog-type="7075" target="_blank" id="authOrgRightEdit">“科普中国”百科科学词条编写与应用工作项目</a>
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“科普中国”是为我国科普信息化建设塑造的全...
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<dt class="title">词条统计</dt>
<dd class="description">
<ul>
<li>浏览次数：<span id="j-lemmaStatistics-pv"></span>��</li>
<li>编辑次数：47次<a href="/historylist/%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD/784238" class="nslog:1021" target="_blank">历史版本</a></li>
<li>最近更新：<span class="j-modified-time" style="display:none">2018-06-07</span></li>
<li>创建者��<a class="show-userCard" data-uid="11815725" title="查看此用户资料" target="_blank" href="http://www.baidu.com/p/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E9%9D%A0%E6%89%8B" nslog-type="1022">设计基本靠手</a></li>
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<a href="#1" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">1</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">基本信息</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dd class="catalog-title level2">
<a href="#1_1" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">1.1</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">来源</span>
</span>
</a>
</dd>
<dd class="catalog-title level2">
<a href="#1_2" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">1.2</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">分类</span>
</span>
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<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#2" class="title-link">
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<span class="title-index">2</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">球蛋常值</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
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<a href="#2_1" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">2.1</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">原因</span>
</span>
</a>
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<a href="#2_2" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">2.2</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">球蛋白的意义</span>
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!function(){        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaRelation/lemmaInsert'], function(init) {
            init({ // 关系化统计需求--传参  shangwenbin
                lemmaId: "42740",
                newLemmaId: "784238",
                subLemmaId: "42740",
                lemmaTitle: "球蛋白"
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){		require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReference","wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReferenceTip/lemmaReferenceTip"],function(Reference,ReferenceTip){
			new Reference({
				subLemmaId:"42740"
			});
			new ReferenceTip({
				subLemmaId:"784238",
				lemmaTitle:"球蛋白",
				reference:[{"type":"1","title":"\u7403\u86cb\u767d","url":"\/redirect\/6854LQB9BS7cOmvOrXO6hSuaAIYONnW-TmMgTTQ6mPxFmrk7LfWPq1IhS6tLgWvsiHaxD_WFOqsuI6I9UFqMZwmtHZyUbE_xNWnpKrqVw97DPmVSuBwCsJSwyY1ZTN3lp4j8NzQKNtH0-KqqbVEldmWlNg2R_ZhOReN2a0jj5gj4Mn-__awjb6VMl1lHFMxlIpfLUG4ENSAoYXYs9XT2nvTb-SMrUtnlwlncYKeyyQ-c-8KgIvguT0qTEVLW","site":"\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1","publishDate":"","refDate":"2017-05-08","index":1},{"type":"1","title":"\u8840\u6e05\u7403\u86cb\u767d","url":"\/redirect\/99c5udRvV3_rJ9QCuD6autPhKyazJNo0IZQsoScI_rOPD7Ip_yJ9JxGS_CbJwCleDHsTU7P8KbVHgvFSPcJyRWo6FqpuQLVDT6BE8Iwv2GNu8SkIvc0azyaOX-MRAr84477Z","site":"\u767e\u5ea6\u6587\u5e93","publishDate":"","refDate":"2017-05-08","index":2},{"type":"1","title":"\u9ad8\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u5f15\u8d77\u914d\u8840\u56f0\u96be\u53ca\u8f93\u8840\u53cd\u5e941\u4f8b ","url":"\/redirect\/bae56A-FZTZP4X3cgP8H369xsLPuxPn_PtdUHm9eJkqq-HHnzc6S9rnXpKsTAvvi9j1irLBSKg5pm7aOcZnfq2NLf9D13yxWv2U4qf5vGHSFQotHWPGY2g3ju98A4A6lLtOskvLZPcZKNOQ0WHVueb2WIIcS-rm-Y1Zzp_rQ3ua459zxT-tWVw5WG06xd0RsVKiLA9LwLM_LolHZmxaSq8JbRTARnXzFt1tb-qJblwrppPkeyQ6L5njHJqJQ-fG04ShrStJixUCV6LHvbtQlIzxmzjk2_xGcXZ26q3IxdgPzKi4SWkFcorSGDxoVhxco8sCtrJDhpOT8MVUN9GeeSXXL1MOU3e33DDfoWLeEGwrHepnfCLYgiQ9_37lxC-Xt37MyCZ62PHNlLJ-UU7E9hEAhRObfoDSq-dr1VqsBIb4MPmQG4Q7VoBixoGgvEJLRMw_V35I2K7hw-vSKUKE3","site":"\u767e\u5ea6\u5b66\u672f","publishDate":"","refDate":"2017-05-08","index":3}]
			});
		});
	}();
!function(){        require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery"],function($){
            function openTagToggle(node) {
                if ($(node).hasClass("collapse")) {
                    $(node).removeClass("collapse");
                    $("#open-tag").css("height", '22px');
                } else {
                    $(node).addClass("collapse");
                    $("#open-tag").css("height", $("#open-tag-item").css("height"));
                }
            }
            if (parseInt($("#open-tag-item").css("height")) <= 30) {
                $('#open-tag-collapse').hide();
            }
            $("#open-tag-collapse").on("click", function () {
                openTagToggle($("#open-tag")[0]);
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){    var $ = require("wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery");
    
    var slider = {
        init: function() {
            this.control = $("#professional_control");
            this.prev = this.control.find(".J-prev");
            this.next = this.control.find(".J-next");
            this.el = $("#professional_list");
            this.view = this.el.find(".J-slider");
            this.items = this.view.find("ul");
            this.itemWidth = this.items.eq(0).innerWidth();
            this.initStatus();
            this.bindEvents();
        },
        initStatus: function() {
            this.view.css({
                width: this.items.length*this.itemWidth+"px",
                position: "absolute"
            });
            this.setHeight(0);
            if ( this.items.length < 2 ) return;
            this.changeControllers(0);
        },
        bindEvents: function() {
            var self = this, index = 0;
            if ( this.items.length < 2 ) return;
            this.next.on("click", function() {
                if ( self.items.length-1 === index ) return;
                index++;
                self.setHeight(index);
                self.goAni(index);
                self.changeControllers(index);
            });
            this.prev.on("click", function() {
                if ( index == 0 ) return;
                index--;
                self.setHeight(index);
                self.goAni(index);
                self.changeControllers(index);
            });
        },
        setHeight: function(index) {
            this.el.height( this.items.eq(index).innerHeight() );
        },
        goAni: function(index) {
            this.view.animate({
                left: index === 0 ? 0 : "-"+this.itemWidth*index+"px"
            });
        },
        changeControllers: function(index) {
            var disabledClass = "pro-control-disable";
            this.prev.removeClass(disabledClass);
            this.next.removeClass(disabledClass);
            if ( index === 0 ) {
                this.prev.addClass(disabledClass);
            } else if ( index === this.items.length-1 ) {
                this.next.addClass(disabledClass);
            }
        }
    };
    slider.init();
}();
!function(){        require('wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/configModule/zhixin/zhixin')(
            784238,
            '球蛋白'
        );
    }();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaStatistics/lemmaStatistics"],function(init){
        init({
            newLemmaIdEnc:"65ce853145652dd32e3eeb5c"
        });
    });
}();
!function(){	require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/sideCatalog/sideCatalog"],function(SideCatalog){
		new SideCatalog();
	});
}();
!function(){        require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/fengchao/fengchao","wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/unionAd/unionAd"], function (init, unionAd) {
            init({
                newLemmaId: "784238",
                lemmaTitle: "球蛋白",
                encodeLemmaTitle: "%C7%F2%B5%B0%B0%D7",
                adManager: null
            }, {
                errFn: unionAd,
                dom: $('#side_box_unionAd')
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/guessLike/guessLike'], function (app) {
            app.init({
                lemmaTitle: '球蛋白',
                adManager: null
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){            require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/bottomAd/bottomAd'], function (init) {
                init({
                    sId: 'BOTTOM_PRO_AD',
                    adManager: null
                });
            });
        }();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var Dialog = require("wiki-common:widget/ui/dialog/dialog");
    var userLogin = require('wiki-common:widget/component/userLogin/userLogin');
    var unameFiller = require('wiki-common:widget/component/unameFiller/unameFiller');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

            var isEnterprise = false;
        var enterpriseOwnerUserId = 0;
    
    var userId = 0;
    var editUrl = '/edit/' + encodeURIComponent('球蛋白') + '/' + '784238';
    var pgcUrl = '/enterprise/editpgc?lemmaId=784238';

    userLogin.regist({
        onLogin: function(user) {
            userId = user ? user.uid : 0;
        }
    });

    function gotoEdit(url, isMidNight) {
        if (isMidNight) {
            Dialog.alert({
                title: '编辑提示',
                subMsg: '晚23:00至次日8:00，因审核系统例行维护，您提交的版本可能需要较长时间才能通过，望您谅解。',
                onConfirm: function() {
                    window.location.href = url;
                }
            });
        } else {
            window.location.href = url;
        }    
    }

    function showChoseEditDialog(pgcCallback, ugcCallback) {
        new Dialog({
            title: '编辑提示',
            subMsg: '<p>您已开通企业百科服务，推荐您直接编辑“官方资料”，官方资料仅限企业百科绑定的百科账号修改，其他用户账号不可修改。</p><p>如果您想修改其他网友编辑的普通词条内容，请注意遵守百科百科编辑规则。<p>',
            btns: [{
            key: 'pgc',
            text: '编辑官方资料'
            }, {
            style: 'white',
            text: '修改普通词条',
            key: 'ugc'
            }],
            onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
                if (btnKey === 'pgc') {
                    pgcCallback && pgcCallback();
                } else if (btnKey === 'ugc') {
                    ugcCallback && ugcCallback();
                }
            }
        }).show();
    }

    function checkUserLegal(res) {
        var legal = false;
        switch (res.errno) {
            case 100001:
                userLogin.showLoginPop();
                break;
            case 100006:
                unameFiller.show();
                break;
            default:
                legal = true;
        }
        return true;
    }

    function checkUgc(res, url) {
        if (res.errno) {
            switch (res.errno) {
                case 100005:
                    alert('对不起，您目前被封禁');
                    break;
                case 110001:
                    alert('对不起，该词条被锁定');
                    break;
                case 110007:
                    alert('对不起���消歧页无法编辑');
                    break;
                case 110005:
                    Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    mainMsg: '对不起，您暂时没有权限编辑该词条。',
                    subMsg: '<p>您好，该词条内容已较丰富，现仅对百科等级达到<b>四级</b>且通过率达到<b>85%</b>的科友开放编辑。</p><p>当您通过努力达到以上要求，就可以参与编辑该词条了。</p><p><img src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/img/baike/usercenter/growuptask/star.gif" class="star" />参加<a target="_blank" href="/usercenter#guide">成长任务</a>，更快掌握百科编辑技巧，加速升级！</p>'
                    });
                    break;
                case 110008:
                    Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    mainMsg: '对不起，您暂时没有权限编辑该词条。',
                    subMsg: '<p>您好，该词条内容已较丰富，现仅对百科等级达到<b>六级</b>且通过率达到<b>85%</b>的科友开放编辑。</p><p>当您通过努力达到以上要求，就可以参与编辑该词条了。</p><p><img src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/img/baike/usercenter/growuptask/star.gif" class="star" />参加<a target="_blank" href="/usercenter#guide">成长任务</a>，更快掌握百科编辑技巧，加速升级！</p>'
                    });
                    break;
                case 470001:
                    alert('系统错误，请刷新重试');
                    break;
                case 110003:
                    Dialog.alert({
                        title: '编辑提示',
                        subMsg: '很抱歉，该词条有其他用户编辑的版本正在提交，您暂时无法编辑。<br/>百科建议您晚些时候再编辑该词条，或者尝试编辑其他的词条。'
                    });
                    break;
            }
        } else {
            if (!res.data.right.noAudit) {
                Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    subMsg: '很抱歉，该词条有其他用户编辑的版本正在提交，您暂时无法编辑。<br/>百科建议您晚些时候再编辑该词条，或者尝试编辑其他的词条。'
                });
                return;
            }
            gotoEdit(url, res.data.notice.isMidNight);
        }
    }

    $(document.body).on('click', '.j-edit-link', function() {
        var dl = $(this).attr('data-edit-dl');
        if (dl) {
            var url = editUrl + '?dl=' + dl;
        } else {
            var url = editUrl;
        }

        rightCheck.preeditCheck('784238', '球蛋白', '球蛋白', '128940483', '', function(res) {
            if (!checkUserLegal(res)) {
                return;
            }
            if (isEnterprise && enterpriseOwnerUserId === userId) {
                showChoseEditDialog(function() {
                    location.href = pgcUrl;
                }, function() {
                    checkUgc(res, url);
                });
            } else {
                checkUgc(res, url);
            }
        });
    });
}();
!function(){  require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery","wiki-common:widget/component/footer/footer_feedback"], function($, feedback){
    feedback({el: '#J-bk-feedback-main'});
    feedback({el: '#J-bk-feedback-query', config: {
        appid: 215645,
        productLine: 20184,
        needContactWay: false,
        issuePlaceholder: '亲爱的百度百科用户，请在此填写您的质疑内容及原因哦～'
      },
      proData: {
        "kw": $('#J-bk-feedback-query').data('lemma')
      }
    });
  });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
      initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar-n/searchbar');  
    initSearchbar($('.wgt-searchbar-simple'));
  }();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/toolButtons"],function(init){
        init({
            lemmaId:"42740",
            subLemmaId:"42740",
            newLemmaId:"784238"
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/userInfo')();
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
      animation = require('wiki-common:widget/util/animation'),
      nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog'),
      initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar/searchbar');

    var isFadeIn = false,
        isFadeOut = false;

    var fadeInAni, fadeOutAni;

    $(window).on('scroll', function(e) {
        var scrollTop = $(this).scrollTop();

        if (scrollTop > 200 && !isFadeIn && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'none') {
            fadeOutAni && fadeOutAni.stop();
            fadeInAni = animation({
                duration: 200,
                easing: 'linear',
                onStart: function() {
                    isFadeOut = false;
                    isFadeIn = true;
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'block');
                },
                onStep: function(progress) {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', progress)
                },
                onComplete: function(progress) {
                    isFadeIn = false;
                    nslog(10010007);
                }
            });
        } else if (scrollTop <= 200 && !isFadeOut && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'block') {
            fadeInAni && fadeInAni.stop();
            fadeOutAni = animation({
                duration: 300,
                easing: 'linear',
                onStart: function() {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader #suggestion').hide();
                    isFadeIn = false;
                    isFadeOut = true;
                },
                onStep: function(progress) {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', 1 - progress);
                },
                onComplete: function(progress) {
                    isFadeOut = false;
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'none');
                }
            });
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/qzopensl');
    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/taskSideShare"],function(taskShare){
        taskShare.init({
            title: '球蛋白',
            desc: "\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u5177\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u4e3a\u514d\u75ab\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u9047\u5230\u5916\u6765\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u65f6\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7403\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u4ee5\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u523a\u6fc0\u6dcb\u5df4\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u76f4\u5230\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u88ab\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u6d88\u706d\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002",
            pic: 'https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/-vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/w%3D268\/sign=f85e06ea9b25bc312b5d069e66de8de7\/a686c9177f3e67091c9696db39c79f3df8dc5504.jpg',
            url: '',
            qqPic: 'https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/-vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D300%2C300%2C50\/sign=578d29e81c178a82ce692ce0903e40bd\/a686c9177f3e67091c9696db39c79f3df8dc5504.jpg',
            newLemmaId: '784238',
            lemmaTitle: '球蛋白'
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var nslog = require("wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog");
    var testElem = require('wiki-common:widget/component/testElem/testElem');
    var cmsModuleLoader = require('wiki-common:widget/component/cmsModuleLoader/cmsModuleLoader');

    function requireAsync() {
        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement']);
    }

    cmsModuleLoader('/api/wikiui/getlemmaconfig', [{
        name: 'announcement',
        script: 'wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement.js'
    }]);

    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/lazyLoad/lazyLoad"], function(LazyLoad) {
        new LazyLoad();
    });

    require.async(['wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog','wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'], function(nslog, $) {
        nslog().setGlobal({
            lemmaId: "42740",
            newLemmaId: "784238",
            subLemmaId: "42740",
            lemmaTitle: "球蛋白"
        });

        // 词条页 pv
        nslog(9322);

        // 新版头部pv（小流量）
        if ($('.pc-header-new').length > 0) {
            nslog(9069);
        }

        // 链接点击 pv
        var lemmaPageRegExp = new RegExp(/\/subview\/\d+|\/view\/\d+|\/item\//i);
        $('body').on('mousedown', 'a', function() {
            var href = $(this).attr('href');
            if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0) {
                // 链接点击 pv
                nslog(10000001);
                if (lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                    // 词条页链接点击 pv
                    nslog(10000002, window.location.href, {
                        targetTitle: $(this).text()
                    });
                }
            }
        });

        /****** 词条页站内流转需求统计 start ******/
        (function () {
            // 各种统计配置
            var circulationLinkCfg = {
                innerLink: [ // 内链
                    '.para',
                    '.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeMovie',
                    '.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeStar',
                    '.basic-info .basicInfo-block',
                    '.lemma-summary',
                    '.lemmaWgt-lemmaSummary',
                    '.view-tip-panel',
                    '.horizontal-module',
                    '.lemmaWgt-roleIntroduction',
                    '.dramaSeries .dramaSerialList',
                    '.module-music',
                    '.table-view',
                    '[log-set-param="table_view"]',
                    '.list-module',
                    '.cell-module',
                    '.baseBox .dl-baseinfo', // 配置后台字段
                    '.pvBtn-box .leadPVBtnWrapper',
                    '.drama-actor',
                    '#staffList',
                    '.starMovieAndTvplay',
                    '.main_tab:not(.main_tab-defaultTab)' // 除去词条tab外的tab
                ],
                relationTable: '.rs-container-foot', // 关系表
                peopleRelation: '.star-info-block.relations, .lemmaWgt-focusAndRelation', // 人物关系（明星+普通）
                moduleActors: '.featureBaseInfo .actors, .lemmaWgt-majorActors', // 主要演员、嘉宾、主持人
                moduleWorks: '.featureBaseInfo .works, .large-feature .works', // 代表作品
                moduleQuarterly: '.featureBaseInfo .po_quarterly, .mian_quarterly', // 分季介绍
                rankStar: '.rank-list.stars-rank', // 明星榜
                rankDrama: '.drama-rank-list', // 电视剧榜
                specialTopic: '.special-topic', // 专题模块
                modDetailTable: '#modDetailTable', // 关系表出图
                chuizhitu: '.chuizhitu', // 垂直化模块
                polysemantList: '.polysemantList-wrapper' // 义项切换
            };
            /****** 连接统计 ******/
            function clickNslogFn() {
                for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
                    if (k === 'innerLink') {
                        // 词条内链到词条页
                        var tempArr = circulationLinkCfg[k];
                        for (var i = 0, l = tempArr.length; i < l; i++) {
                            tempArr[i] += ' a';
                        }
                        var sSelector = tempArr.join(', ');

                        $('body').on('mousedown', sSelector, {key: k},function(e) {
                            var key = e.data.key;
                            var href = $(this).attr('href');
                            var tar = $(this).attr('target') || '';
                            if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0
                            && tar === '_blank' && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                                // 词条页普通内链���击 pv
                                nslog(10000004, null ,{division: key});
                            }
                        });
                    } else {
                        // 模块到词条页链接
                        $(circulationLinkCfg[k]).on('mousedown', 'a', {key: k}, function (e) {
                            var key = e.data.key;
                            var href = $(this).attr('href');
                            if (href && href.indexOf('#') !== 0 && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                                // 词条页配置模块链接点击 pv
                                nslog(10000004, null, {division: key});
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            // 发起统计请求
            clickNslogFn();

            /****** 各模块展现量pv ******/
            function checkModuleIsShow() {
                var result = [];
                for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
                    if (k !== 'innerLink' && k !== 'relationTable') {
                        !!$(circulationLinkCfg[k]).html() && result.push(k);
                    }
                }
                if (result.length > 0) {
                    nslog(10000005, null, {showModules: result.join(',')});
                }
            }
            checkModuleIsShow();

        })();
        /****** 词条页站内流转需求统计 end ******/

    });

    // 广告接入 wikiad 统一加载
    // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求行为）
    nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
        api: 'lemma-ad',
        action: 'request'
    });
    var tags = {"3":{"tagId":76602,"tagName":"\u79d1\u5b66\u767e\u79d1\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u7c7b"},"2":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u79d1\u5b66"},"0":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u75be\u75c5"},"4":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u5b66\u79d1"},"1":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u533b\u5b66\u672f\u8bed"}};
    var tagsArray = [];
    for (var key in tags) {
        tagsArray.push(tags[key].tagName);
    }
    $.ajax({
        type: 'GET',
        url: '/api/wikiad/getsquirrels',
        data: {
            lemmaId: 784238,
            tags: tagsArray.join()
        },
        cache: false,
        dataType: 'JSON',
        success: function (res) {
            // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求成功）
            nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
                api: 'lemma-ad',
                action: 'success'
            });

            if (!res.errno) {
                if (res.data[5]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightPreciseAd/rightPreciseAd'], function(rightPreciseAd) {
                        rightPreciseAd(res.data[5]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[5][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[5][0].name,
                            adPos: 5
                        });
                    });
                } else if (res.data[1]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/vbaike/vbaike'], function(vbaike) {
                        vbaike(res.data[1]);
                        for(var i in res.data[1]) {
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[1][i].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[1][i].name,
                                adPos: 1
                            });
                        }
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[9]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightBigAd/rightBigAd'], function(rightBigAd) {
                        rightBigAd(res.data[9]);
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[9][0].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[9][0].name,
                                adPos: 9
                            });
                    });
                                    } else if(res.data[2]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/slide/slide'], function(slide) {
                        slide(res.data[2]);
                        for(var i in res.data[2]) {
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[2][i].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[2][i].name,
                                adPos: 2
                            });
                        }
                    });
                }
                if (res.data[3]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/topAd/topAd'], function(topAd) {
                        topAd(res.data[3]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[3][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[3][0].name,
                            adPos: 3
                        });
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[4]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightAd/rightAd'], function(rightAd) {
                        rightAd(res.data[4]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[4][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[4][0].name,
                            adPos: 4
                        });
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[15]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/banner/banner'], function(banner) {
                        banner(res.data[15]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[15][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[15][0].name,
                            adPos: 15
                        });
                    });
                }
                if (res.data[16]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/declaration/declaration'], function(declaration) {
                        declaration(res.data[16]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[16][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[16][0].name,
                            adPos: 16
                        });
                    })
                }
            } else {
                return;
            }

            setTimeout(function () {
                var elemArr = {};
                res.data[1] && res.data[1].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-vbaike-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-vbaike .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
                res.data[2] && res.data[2].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-slide-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-slide .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
                res.data[3] && res.data[3].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-navbar-ad'] = {
                    node: $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').get(0),
                    validations: {
                        'noBackgroundImage': function() {
                            return $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').css('background-image').indexOf(res.data[3][0].picUrl) < 0
                        }
                    }
                });
                res.data[4] && res.data[4].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-side-ad'] = {
                    node: $('.right-ad img').get(0),
                    validations: {
                        'noBackgroundImage': function() {
                            return $('.right-ad img').attr('src').indexOf(res.data[4][0].picUrl) < 0
                        }
                    }
                });
                res.data[15] && res.data[15].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-banner'] = $('.configModuleBanner').get(0));
                res.data[16] && res.data[16].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-declaration'] = $('.lemmaWgt-declaration').get(0));

                testElem.log(elemArr, 70000102);
            }, 1000);
        },
        error: function () {
            // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求失败）
            nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
                api: 'lemma-ad',
                action: 'error'
            });
        }
    });

    // 设置分享内容
    window.BKShare.setCommon({
        bdText: "\u3010\u7403\u86cb\u767d_\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u3011\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u5177\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u4e3a\u514d\u75ab\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u9047\u5230\u5916\u6765\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u65f6\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7403\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u4ee5\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u523a\u6fc0\u6dcb\u5df4\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u76f4\u5230\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u88ab\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u6d88\u706d\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002.....\uff08\u5206\u4eab\u81ea@\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\uff09",
        bdDesc: '',
        bdUrl: 'http:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD\/784238',
        bdPic: '',
        onBeforeClick: function (){
            $('.bdshare_dialog_box').hide();
        }
    });

    // 底部投诉带入当前页面 url
    var map = [1, 2, 6, 5];
    $('.wgt-footer-main .suggestion').find('a').each(function(i) {
        $(this).attr('href', 'http://help.baidu.com/newadd?word=%E7%90%83%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD' + '&&submit_link=' + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href) + '&prod_id=10&category=' + map[i]);
    });

    // 为超出预设内容的表格添加table-responsive控制
    $('.main-content').find('table').each(function(index) {
        var $that = $(this);
        if ($that.width() > 790) {
            $that.wrap('<div class="table-responsive"></div>');
        }
    });
}();
!function(){      require('wiki-common:widget/component/psLink/psLink');
    }();</script>
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  var Hunter = window.Hunter || {};
  Hunter.userConfig = Hunter.userConfig || [];
  </script>
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